Challenges of EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Targeted Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/e6220k92Keywords:
Non-small-cell lung cancer; EGFR exon 20 insertion; Amivantamab; Mobocertinib; Poziotinib.Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations are a distinct molecular subtype of non-small cell lung cancer that inherently resists conventional therapies and has poor clinical outcomes. However, with recent advancements in molecular profiling and drug development, several emerging targeted therapies possess the potential to overcome these obstacles partially. This paper summarizes the biological and structural features of EGFR ex20ins mutations and evaluates the currently available targeted therapies, most notably Amivantamab, Mobocertinib and Poziotinib, with respect to clinical efficacy and safety. While Amivantamab has shown encouraging clinical trial data compared with the other two, several challenges remain, including drug heterogeneity, treatment-related toxicity, acquired resistance and diagnostic limitations. The results of this paper imply that future directions should prioritize the development of more selective inhibitors, combination therapies and improved mutation-detection strategies. This paper also indicates that continued translational and clinical research will be essential to optimize therapeutic outcomes and establish more durable, personalized treatment for patients with EGFR ex20ins mutant NSCLC.
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